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L'Internet est devenu une partie essentielle de la vie moderne. Un développement important est «l'Internet des objets» (IoT), qui connecte des dispositifs physiques à Internet. Plus récemment, un concept plus large est apparu: «l'Internet de tout» (IoE), intégrant quatre composantes, les personnes, les processus, les données et les objets. L'ajout de l'intelligence artificielle (IA) à l'IoE a donné naissance à «l'Intelligence Artificielle de Tout» (IAdT). Cette combinaison offre des avantages significatifs pour le secteur de l'énergie en optimisant la production, la distribution et la consommation d'énergie. Cependant, elle soulève également des défis critiques en matière de protection des données, de cybersécurité et de localisation des données. Dans cette thèse, j'explore comment les gouvernements et les entreprises énergétiques peuvent collaborer pour répondre aux risques liés à la confidentialité et à la cybersécurité des technologies IAdT. J'analyse également les exigences de localisation des données et j'examine les cadres réglementaires pertinents, en particulier au sein de l'Union européenne (avec un accent sur l'Irlande) et au Canada (y compris la province de l'Ontario). The Internet has become an essential part of modern life. One significant development is the “Internet of Things” (IoT), which connects physical devices to the Internet. More recently, a broader concept has emerged: the “Internet of Everything” (IoE), which integrates four key components: people, processes, data, and things. The addition of artificial intelligence (AI) to IoE has given rise to the "Artificial Intelligence of Everything" (AIoE). This combination offers significant benefits to the energy sector by optimizing energy production, distribution, and consumption. However, it also introduces critical challenges related to data protection, cybersecurity, and data localization. In this thesis, I explore how governments and energy companies can collaborate to address privacy and cybersecurity risks associated with AIoE technologies. I also analyze data localization requirements and review relevant regulatory frameworks, particularly within the European Union (with a focus on Ireland) and Canada (including the province of Ontario).
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The book asks whether the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Generative AI (GenAI) in international arbitration represents a revolution or an evolution of the international dispute resolution landscape. Critically engaging with the transformative impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR), this book focuses on the integration of AI and GenAI into international commercial arbitration. Set against the backdrop of rapid technological advancement, it explores how arbitral tribunals and stakeholders are cautiously yet progressively adopting these innovations in a manner that respects and preserves the foundational principles of arbitration. Through an interdisciplinary and practice-oriented approach, the book examines the evolving role of AI in arbitration. It analyzes how AI is perceived and applied by parties, arbitral institutions, and arbitrators, as well as assesses the legal frameworks in place to govern it. Offering a balanced analysis of both the opportunities and legal and ethical dilemmas posed by emerging technologies, the book asks if a duty of disclosure is relevant in relation to AI use, and what challenges this might entail. It also covers the status of AI-generated arbitral awards under international law, as well as copyright law. This book will be of interest to researchers in the field of international arbitration and commercial law
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