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国际投资仲裁的弊端随着国际投资仲裁案件数量的攀升而逐渐暴露,诸多国家对现有国际投资仲裁机制表达了质疑与不满。本应对国际投资仲裁裁决进行纠正的纠错机制却因其局限性而无法发挥其功能,导致国际投资仲裁的问题未得到有效解决。因此,为了突破既存纠错机制的困境并解决国际投资仲裁面临的问题,上诉机制因其理论优越性而成为重点讨论议题。在支持引入上诉机制的立场上,应当将上诉机制的审查范围扩大且不应在上诉机制中设立遵循先例制度。在各国提交的关于上诉机制引入模式的不同方案中应当选择常设多边上诉机制,并借鉴《基于条约的投资者–国家间仲裁透明度公约》的经验构建常设多边上诉机制引入路径。 The drawbacks of international investment arbitration have gradually been exposed with the rising number of international investment arbitration cases, and many states have expressed doubts and dissatisfaction with the existing international investment arbitration mechanism. The error-correction mechanism, which is supposed to correct international investment arbitral awards, is unable to perform its function because of its limitations, with the result that the problems of international investment arbitration have not been effectively resolved. Therefore, in order to break through the predicament of the existing error-correction mechanism and solve the problems faced by international investment arbitration, the appellate mechanism has become a key topic of discussion because of its theoretical superiority. From the position of supporting the introduction of an appellate mechanism, the scope of review of the appellate mechanism should be expanded, and a precedent-following system should not be established within the appellate mechanism. Among the different proposals submitted by various states regarding the model for introducing an appellate mechanism, a permanent multilateral appellate mechanism should be chosen, and the path for introducing such a mechanism should be constructed by drawing on the experience of the Convention on Transparency in Treaty-Based Investor-State Arbitration.
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随着2025年新修订《中华人民共和国仲裁法》正式引入临时仲裁制度,我国仲裁体系迈入“机构 + 临时”双轨制发展新阶段。仲裁员选任作为临时仲裁程序的核心环节,其法律制度设计直接关系到临时仲裁的公正性、高效性与国际公信力。然而我国当前对于仲裁员的选任仍有不足,本文将对于当前的不足之处进行分析并提出完善建议,为临时仲裁制度的健康发展提供一定的思路。 With the formal introduction of the temporary arbitration system into the newly revised Arbitration Law of the People’s Republic of China in 2025, China’s arbitration system has entered a new stage of dual-track development featuring both institutional and temporary arbitration. As the core component of temporary arbitration procedures, the legal system design for arbitrator appointment directly impacts the fairness, efficiency, and international credibility of temporary arbitration. However, there are still deficiencies in the current appointment of arbitrators in China. This article will analyze the existing shortcomings and propose improvement suggestions, providing some ideas for the healthy development of the temporary arbitration system.
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