Bibliographie sélective OHADA

La saisie de soutes est une figure originale du droit maritime. En tant qu’ « élément du navire », les soutes sont susceptibles de faire l’objet d’une saisie indépendamment du navire. Elles constituent ainsi un gage pour les créanciers dénués de « créance maritime » ou de privilège maritime. En période d’instabilité économique, la saisie de soutes est indispensable à la confiance des fournisseurs de navires. Cependant, depuis l’arrêt Saint Pierre de 1998 et l’analyse qui en a été faite par les auteurs, la saisie conservatoire de soutes a quasiment disparu des prétoires. Elle a aujourd'hui vocation à être remplacée par la saisie-revendication, instrument de recouvrement efficace même en cas de faillite du débiteur.

LL.M. (International Commercial Law) <br>Please refer to full text to view abstract

La lettre de garantie P&I est un instrument né de la pratique, qui permet de sécuriser une créance maritime, tout en permettant aux transactions commerciales sous-jacentes au voyage maritime, de perdurer. Sa force réside dans le fait qu’elle fasse converger des intérêts pourtant opposés, à savoir les intérêts cargaison d’une part et les intérêts corps d’autre part, en répondant aux exigences de rapidité et de fluidité qu’impose le commerce maritime mondial. Sa négociation, au même titre que son exécution, impliqueront l’intervention d’une multitude d’acteurs, qui défendront donc des intérêts variés mais qui auront tous comme objectif de résoudre leur litige par la voie amiable. La lettre de garantie, en tant qu’instrument du commerce maritime, reflète également les rapports de force existant entre les intérêts en jeux et permet de mettre en lumière la bataille de compétences, opposant principalement l’Angleterre à la France. Cette étude a donc pour but d’analyser les différentes implications légales et pratiques de ce formidable instrument.

Trabajo Fin de Curso de Experto Universitario en Derecho Bancario (2015/16). Directora/Tutora: Dra. Dª María Belén González Fernández. El presente trabajo tiene por objeto el estudio, análisis y conocimiento de tres de los diferentes tipos de contratos de arrendamiento financiero existentes y más usados en la actualidad: Leasing, renting y factoring. Se ha analizado de manera independiente y pormenorizada cada uno de ellos, individualizando sus características y funcionamiento a efectos de diferenciarlos y clasificarlos para concretar los casos en los que resultan de utilidad.

Abstract not available.

La faute nautique est l’acte ou négligence du capitaine, marin, pilote, ou préposé du transporteur de marchandises dans la navigation ou dans l’administration du navire. Il s’agit d’un cas excepté, c’est-à-dire qu’elle est de nature à exonérer le transporteur de la responsabilité afférente aux pertes ou dommages à la marchandise, vis-à-vis de l’ayant-droits : chargeur, destinataire ou assureur subrogé. Le présent mémoire s’attache à faire le constat suivant : autour du globe, l’approche qui en est faite par le droit – ensembles législation, doctrine, et jurisprudence – est très étroite. Aussi bien le domaine que les effets de l’exonération pour faute nautique sont ainsi restreints ; les deux étant amoindris par la preuve d’un manquement du transporteur maritime - la faute dans les soins devant être apportés à la cargaison, ou la faute dans la mise en état de navigabilité du navire. L’abordage à faute commune ainsi que l’institution de l’avarie commune peuvent néanmoins générer des situations où l’on constate que la faute nautique joue pleinement. Si l’évolution actuelle du droit maritime semble devoir écarter la faute nautique, comme l’en atteste l’adoption récente des Règles de Hambourg, puis des Règles de Rotterdam, il reste que le cas excepté peut aujourd’hui être invoqué dans la plupart des transports, étant donné la large application de la Convention de Bruxelles du 25 août 1924. Aussi, cette spécificité de la matière maritime mérite certainement une plus grande considération, et l’auteur plaide en ce sens pour une approche moderne et plus cohérente de l’exonération pour faute nautique.

The industry of oil and gas is not peculiar to question anymore, inferable from the global condition as well as its various dimensions. While trying to complete an agreement procedure, it would barely be clear to expect the thing that could happen in the emergence of a debate. Hazard moving and fragmented contracting lie at the heart of the organization relationship innate in the obtainment and financing of extensive scale undertakings, such as power plants, oil and gas pipelines, and condensed natural gas facilities. An examination of gas bonds gives exact proof of the hazard moving results of legally binding inadequacy. This thesis is a basic examination of the discipline we call the law of oil and gas. A number of the imperfections connected with this "specific" status. Jurisprudential with its "uncommon" status. Jurisprudential imperfections have created as courts leave from essential contract, property, or tort law in quest for natural resources ideas. The marvel isn’t restricted to natural resources law but instead can occur in any "law of" setting. This article delineates the issues connected with oil and gas law by dissecting legal ways to deal with perceiving and applying "inferred agreements" under the oil and gas rent. By contrasting the experience and results under the oil and gas lead to the result under an agreement law investigation, it is conceivable to assess whether a specific "oil and gas" govern is vital or prudent. In the past quarter-century, huge changes have happened in the ways legal advisors approach strife. There have been uncommon endeavors to create systems went for more proficient, not so much expensive, but rather more fulfilling determination of contention, including more broad and suitable utilization of intercession and other " alternative dispute resolution " (ADR) approaches. This review analyzes what is known and not considered about the development and effect of ADR in government and state courts, in the business division, and in work and shopper settings. The investigation inspects the relationship amongst ADR and court trial, additionally underlines the more extensive employments of and method of reasoning for intercession and different process decisions. This study concentrates on the oil and gas contract with question by ADR.

LL.M. (International Commercial Law) Please refer to full text to view abstract

Corporate law is based on the premise that directors are fiduciaries of their companies. This is an unbending duty which has to be adhered to at all cost by individuals appointed as directors of a company. Previously the director’s duties were governed by the common law which often relied on the interpretation of the courts on a case by case basis. Therefore the courts would often arrive at different conclusions based on a similar set of facts. The advent of the 2008 Companies Act (Act 71 of 2008)1 brought about a major evolution in South African company law by partially codifying the fiduciary duties of the directors. Understanding fiduciary duties of a director is of significant importance in the modern democracy based on the fact that directors engage on the international spectrum. Company directors have discretionary power which may be abused if they are not familiar with the fiduciary duties. This study seeks to comprehend fully the fiduciary duties of a director of a company. These are the duty to act bona fide, the duty to act for a proper purpose, the duty to avoid conflicts of interest and the duty not to use a corporate opportunity and information for personal profit. This task will be undertaken both in terms of the common law as well as statute (Companies Act 2008 Act). The study will delineate the fundamental consequences of partial codification of these duties and set out the current legal position of the common law which operates in tandem with the statute. In addition, it will deal with whether the common law provisions are still applicable side by side with the statutes. The duties of a company director represent a subject that is not merely academic in nature, but one that is of vital importance in our ever changing commercial world. More and more people are appointed as company directors every day and often they do not know or understand the implications of what they have agreed to.

LL.M. (Commercial Law) <br>The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa is the supreme law in the land. Thus, all law is subject to the Constitution and this inevitably includes the law of contract. The South African law of contract has been inherited from common law, namely Roman–Dutch law and has been applicable in South Africa to date. The Constitution states that the common law should be developed when it is not in line with the provisions of the Constitution. The values underpinning the Constitution are human dignity equality and freedom and these values must therefore be reflected in contractual relations. The common law principle of pacta sunt servanda, which means that agreements must be kept, at times this principle yields unjust and unreasonable results. The strict adherence to pacta sunt servanda has led to difficulties. The unenforceability of these contract terms has been shown in reported case law to stem from standard term contracts, unequal bargaining power and from persons who contract out of necessity. This dissertation concludes that South African law of contract and the current legal treatment of balancing contract law with constitutional values is unsatisfactory. The Bill on the Control of Unreasonableness, Unconscionableness, or Oppressiveness in Contracts or Terms which was tabled in 1998 should be revised and legislated, so as to regulate contracts and infuse the law of contract with the constitutional values of human dignity, equality and freedom.