Bibliographie sélective OHADA

Please refer to full text to view abstract. <br>LL.M. (International Commercial Law)

On 15 March 2020 the President of the Republic of South Africa announced a nationwide lockdown. The unpredicted pandemic dictated that extraordinary measures be put in place, which resulted in the country coming to a total standstill. Consequently, there was an alarming decline in economic activities and therefore government had to introduce measures to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on employers and workers... <br>LL.M. (Commercial Law)

No abstract available.

No abstract available.

It is no secret that there has been an increase in international trade in recent decades. Natural and juristic persons have taken it upon themselves to trade both domestically and internationally. As international trade increases so too do the conclusion of international commercial contracts. When individuals enter into an international contract, one particularly important issue, and one that should be foremost in the minds of the contracting parties, is which legal system will govern their agreement? Therefore, a significant factor to any international commercial contract is whether the parties have the freedom to choose the law applicable to their agreement and to choose the court that will adjudicate upon their contractual disputes, and if so, to what extent may the parties exercise their freedom of choice?... <br>LL.M. (International Commercial Law)

The right to health and the right to development are intertwined socio-economic rights that affect the well being and growth of a country’s populace. Most developing and least developed countries face challenges in ensuring access to essential medicines vis a vis the realisation of the right to health and full potential of development. Patents, provided for under the TRIPS Agreement are partly to blame for the lack of access to essential medicines as they account for the excessive pricing of medicines. Zimbabwe being a developing country currently facing dire economic and political challenges but being obliged under the International and Regional Human Rights Conventions it subscribed to, has to ensure the progressive realisation of the right to health and development. However, as a member of the TRIPS Agreement, there are limitations to the country’s ability to ensure access to medicines and healthcare for developmental purposes. This thesis has outlined the problematic provisions of the TRIPS Agreement and Zimbabwe’s attempt to use the flexibilities provided to its advantage. Zimbabwe has only put into use the flexibility of compulsory licensing and parallel importation to a limited extent; hence the recommendation that even though the country has domesticated the Agreement to its advantage, the country needs to explore other flexibilities comprehensively and promote the realisation of the rights to health and development.

La presente monografía analiza el régimen jurídico instaurado tras la entrada en vigor de la Ley 12/2021, de 28 de septiembre, por la que se modifica el texto refundido de la Ley del Estatuto de los Trabajadores, aprobado por el Real Decreto Legislativo 2/2015, de 23 de octubre, para garantizar los derechos laborales de las personas dedicadas al reparto en el ámbito de las plataformas digitales, que añade una Disposición Adicional 23ª al texto del Estatuto de los Trabajadores, consagrando a nivel legal la presunción de laboralidad de las relaciones entre trabajador y empresa en el ámbito de las plataformas digitales de reparto. Además, la norma jurídica viene a modificar el artículo 64.4 del Estatuto de los Trabajadores, introduciendo un nuevo apartado bajo la letra d), ampliando así el derecho de información de los comités de empresa, en su condición de máximo órgano de representación del conjunto de los trabajadores. Por otra parte, el trabajo centrará sus esfuerzos en desgranar la adaptación o reformulación de los clásicos conceptos jurídicos de Derecho del Trabajo de dependencia y ajenidad, como características esenciales del trabajo asalariado o por cuenta ajena, frente al trabajo por cuenta propia, clave fundamental para determinar, en definitiva, la existencia o no de una relación de naturaleza laboral. Utilizando como principal referencia la Sentencia número 805/2020, de fecha 25 de septiembre de 2020, del Tribunal Supremo, Pleno de la Sala de lo Social (recurso número 4746/2020), en cuyos principios se ha inspirado la posterior norma jurídica, trataremos de analizar la evolución que han sufrido estos conceptos a raíz del imparable auge del modelo de relaciones laborales surgido a la sombra de la economía tecnológica y del entorno digital, especialmente, en el ámbito de las plataformas de reparto de mercancías y toda clase de productos de consumo.

It has been over a decade since the Companies Act 71 of 2008 introduced business rescue proceedings which provided for the rescue of financially distressed companies. This procedure replaced the then statutory procedure of judicial management under Companies Act 61 of 1973. The business rescue proceedings begin with the general moratorium or stay on legal proceedings against the company or its property. This has a consequence that any claims against the company may only be enforced with the consent of the business rescue practitioner or the leave of the court. However, the courts continue to grapple with the interpretation, effect, and application of the key elements of business rescue provisions while always striving to accord respect to the legislative intention of business rescue as set out in section 7(k) of the Companies Act 71 of 2008. After a decade since its introduction, it is an opportune time to ascertain whether the business rescue proceedings is an effective corporate rescue procedure suitable to the modern-day demands of the South African economy. The research analyses the effect and the consequences of the moratorium on the rights of property owners. The moratorium has the effect that companies are given temporary immunity to actions brought by creditors which would have been due and enforceable. In this regard, the property leased by the property owner remains occupied by the company during business rescue proceedings as the property owner is barred by the moratorium to institute legal proceedings against the company. Further, when the repossession of the property is not possible and the rental due or installment is not payable by the company, the business rescue proceedings encroaches on the right of the property owners. The purpose of the research is to highlight the effect of the moratorium on the lease agreement between the company and property owners and the possible protection of the property owners’ rights. The study includes a critical analysis of judicial decisions on the moratorium, together with a discussion of the legal position in comparable foreign jurisdictions. In my conclusion, based on the findings, the business rescue is not free from imperfection. Therefore, I recommended that the legislature amend some parts of Chapter 6 of the Companies Act 71 of 2008.