Bibliographie sélective OHADA

In international arbitration, arbitrators have procedural powers that allow them to manage and conduct the arbitration proceedings in a fair and efficient manner. These powers are typically set out in the arbitration rules that the parties have agreed to, such as the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) rules or the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) rules. Arbitrators have the authority to determine the procedure to be followed in the arbitration, including the admissibility, relevance, materiality, and weight of the evidence presented. They can also decide on the language to be used in the arbitration and the location of the hearings. In addition, arbitrators can issue orders and directions as needed to ensure the fair and efficient conduct of the proceedings. This may include ordering the production of documents or witness testimony, or setting time limits for the submission of evidence. The present paper critically examines the lex arbitri, the law that governs the arbitral proceedings, and makes out a case that lex arbitri cannot be challenged in court, as the parties to the arbitration have agreed to resolve their disputes through arbitration rather than through the courts. However, if the tribunal exceeds its powers or acts in a manner that is inconsistent with the lex arbitri, the parties may have grounds to challenge the tribunal's decision on the grounds of lack of jurisdiction or due process. The paper summarises some key judgments in which Courts have upheld or quashed the Tribunals procedural orders. It will be concluded that the procedural powers of arbitrators in international arbitration are real and not perfunctory, though bounded within powers extended by Parties to the arbitral tribunal.

The purpose of the Companies Act1 is, amongst others, to “provide for the efficient rescue and recovery of financially distressed companies, in a manner that balances the rights and interests of all relevant stakeholders.”2 Business rescue means facilitating the rehabilitation of a financially distressed company by providing temporary supervision of the company, a temporary moratorium on legal proceedings against the company in business rescue and the development and implementation of the business rescue plan.3 As a result of the moratorium, the legal proceedings against the company may only be instituted with the consent of the business rescue practitioner or with the leave of the court.4 Thus, the moratorium is the cornerstone of business rescue as it provides a company with an opportunity to operate on a solvent basis.

Si ‘’se défendre’’ est un droit, avoir les moyens de le faire ne l’est pas moins. En matière pénale, ce droit est garanti par un certain nombre de principes qui, mis en ensemble, offrent à la personne poursuivie la possibilité de le faire valoir. Cependant, en droit burkinabè, les droits de la défense, bien que garantis par des textes à valeur constitutionnelle, internationale et législative, peinent surtout à être effectifs. Que ce soit à la phase d’enquête, devant le juge d’instruction ou pendant le jugement, la personne poursuivie ne dispose pas toujours de moyens adéquats pour assurer convenablement sa défense. Il conviendrait alors que les autorités compétentes déploient des efforts supplémentaires, afin que ce droit humain fondamental connaisse une pleine effectivité aussi bien théorique que pratique à toutes les phases de la procédure pénale.

Please refer to full text to view abstract. <br>LL.M. (International Commercial Law)

No abstract provided.

Les sociétés civiles immobilières sont des structures courantes qui attire désormais de nombreux particuliers possédant des biens immobiliers dans leur patrimoine. L’intérêt de ce type de société est d’optimiser la location de ses biens, la fiscalité qui leur est associée mais également la transmission de ceux-ci à leurs descendants. Cependant, cette recherche de l’optimisation fiscale nécessite de certaines connaissances comptables et fiscales afin de ne pas faire d’erreurs qui pourront causer des préjudices et réduire cet optimum. Ce mémoire détaille les modalités auxquelles les sociétés civiles immobilières seront confrontées dans le but d’optimiser les coûts de fonctionnement et les frais de transmission.

La jurisprudence des juridictions communautaires contribue à affirmer l’idée selon laquelle le juge communautaire joue un rôle primordial dans la consolidation de la justice de l’intégration en Afrique. Il contribue à travers les fonctions contentieuses, consultatives et quasi-contentieuses à l’enracinement dans les ordres juridiques communautaires, d’une justice d’intégration accessible, efficace et de qualité. L’étude recherche dans la production jurisprudentielle, ce qui découle de la participation des juridictions communautaires, notamment des Cours de justice de la CEMAC et de l’UEMOA à la construction de l’intégration avec pour objectif de vérifier si le droit africain de l’intégration bénéficie de ces organes d’un même apport ou d’un traitement différencié. Il en ressort que les juridictions communautaires considérées jouent un rôle quasi similaire dans la régulation du processus d’intégration sous-régionale. En effet, il se dégage de leur politique jurisprudentielle une convergence des contributions au processus normatif primaire et une ambivalence des contributions au processus normatif dérivé de l’intégration. Par ailleurs, les décisions analysées restent fortement marquées par une asymétrie entre le contentieux socio-économique en plein essor et celui des droits fondamentaux resté en friche. En définitive, à travers une méthode juridique et une technique comparative des pratiques jurisprudentielles des organisations d’intégration, les juridictions communautaires contribuent de façon offensive à l’enracinement de « l’intégration par le droit » en Afrique en général et dans les Communautés sous-régionales envisagées en particulier. The case law of community courts helps to affirm that the community judge plays a key and primary role in consolidating integration justice in Africa. It contributes through its contentious, advisory and quasi-contentious functions to the establishment in community legal orders of accessible, efficient and high-quality integrative justice. These studies are to search in the case-law production, which results from the participation of community jurisdictions, in particular the Courts of Justice of CAEMC (Central African Economic and Monetary Community) and WAEMU (West African Economic and Monetary Union) in the construction of integration with the aim of verifying whether African law of the integration benefits from these bodies from the same contribution or from differentiated treatment. As a result, the community jurisdictions are considering playing an almost similar role in regulating the process of sub-regional integration. Indeed, from their jurisprudential policy emerges a convergence of contributions to the primary normative process and an ambivalence of contributions to the normative process derived from integration. The decisions indeed analyzed remain strongly marked by an asymmetry between the booming socio-economic litigation and that of fundamental rights which has remained unexplored. In conclusion, through a legal method and a comparative technique of the jurisprudential practices of integration organizations, community jurisdictions contribute in an offensive way to the entrenchment of "integration through law" in Africa in general and particularly the sub regional communities.

Em vista de um contexto crítico ao Direito Internacional Privado, em que se retrata a disciplina como inerte frente aos desafios da globalização, composta por técnicas neutras e indiferentes a ideais de justiça na conjuntura da alocação da governança global, esta tese pretende propor uma reinterpretação das normas de aplicação imediata e da exceção da ordem pública. Almeja-se adaptar estes institutos jurídicos para que comportem uma dimensão social, incorporando fatores axiológicos que permitam a promoção do interesse público e dos direitos humanos. Esta pesquisa é permeada pelas seguintes perguntas: (i) frente a asseverada neutralidade do Direito Internacional Privado, as normas de aplicação imediata e a exceção da ordem pública conseguiriam representar uma quebra desta ausência valorativa, englobando fatores axiológicos? (ii) Se esta ruptura da neutralidade é comprovável, de quais fatores axiológicos se revestem as normas de aplicação imediata e a exceção da ordem pública? (iii) Há possibilidade de serem agregados outros fatores axiológicos aos existentes? (iv) Os fatores axiológicos existentes e os fatores axiológicos agregados seriam capazes de ensejar um fomento do interesse público e dos direitos humanos, conformando uma função social do Direito Internacional Privado? Visando a enfrentar estes questionamentos, empregou-se um método dedutivo de abordagem e foram utilizadas técnicas de pesquisa histórica e comparativa, combinadas à análise de fontes doutrinais, legislação e jurisprudência nacionais e estrangeiras. Incialmente, foram expostas as premissas da pesquisa, estudando-se a construção histórica do paradigma de neutralidade do Direito Internacional Privado e como as normas de aplicação imediata e a exceção da ordem pública podem representar uma ruptura a esta neutralidade. Posteriormente, foram analisados os valores intrínsecos às normas de aplicação imediata e à exceção ordem pública, propondo-se que outros valores sejam a estes agregados, no sentido de se promover o interesse público e os direitos humanos.