Bibliographie sélective OHADA

Le juriste a coutume de dire que lorsque la chose est jugée, la vérité est dite. Le juge doit néanmoins crédibiliser sa décision en usant des moyens de droit mis à sa disposition non seulement pour objectivement révéler cette vérité, mais aussi pour imposer l’exécution de la décision rendue. Encore faudrait-il cependant distinguer selon que cette vérité est provisoire ou définitive. Le premier cas concerne la décision ayant acquis une simple autorité de chose jugée. Il suffit alors d’exercer la voie de recours appropriée pour que la décision soit contestée et son exécution éventuellement suspendue. Désormais, ce qui tenait lieu de vérité est mis entre parenthèse. La vérité est plutôt définitive dans le cas où, au-delà d’une simple autorité, la chose jugée a acquis une véritable force. Si cette affirmation ne peut être contestée, elle doit cependant être nuancée dans la mesure où même une décision investie de la force de chose jugée peut encore être remise en cause. Finalement, la décision du juge est une vérité judiciaire qui, pourquoi pas, est peut-être loin d’être la vérité. The legal person usually says that when a thing is judged, the truth is said. The judge should nevertheless give credibility to his decision using the law tools put at his disposal, not only to objectively reveal this truth, but also to enforce the implementation of the decision. But it should be necessary however to distinguish if this truth is temporary or final. The first case concerns a decision which has acquired the single authority of res judicata. Simply applying the appropriate way of appeal can cause that decision to be challenged and possibly suspended. Henceforth, what was truth is put in brackets. The truth is rather final where, beyond a single authority, res judicata has acquired a real force. If this assertion cannot be challenged, it must however be qualified insofar as even a decision appointing the force of res judicata may still be questioned. Finally, the decision of the judge is a judicial truth which, why not, is perhaps far from the truth.

Çalışmamız, 6102 sayılı Türk Ticaret Kanunu'nda ilk kez düzenlenen anonim ortaklıkta şirkete borçlanma yasağını konu edinmektedir. Anılan yasak, pay sahipleri için TTK m. 358'de, pay sahibi olmayan yönetim kurulu üyeleri içinse TTK m. 395'te düzenlenmiştir. Her iki hüküm de Türk hukukuna özgüdür ve Kanun'da yalnızca ana hatları ile düzenlenmiştir. Bu nedenle çalışmada, düzenlemelerin kapsamı, istisnaların sınırı ve yasağa aykırılığın sonuçları incelenmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir. [...] The subject matter of this thesis is the prohibition to be indebted to the company in the form of a joint stock partnership, which has been regulated in the Turkish Commercial Code for the first time. Said prohibition is regulated in the article 358 of TCC for shareholders and in the article 395 for the board of directors who are not a shareholder. Both provisions are unique to Turkish law and introduced with their essential points only. Therefore in this thesis, the scope, limitation of exceptions and the consequences of the breach of the prohibition are analysed and assessed.

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The objective of this thesis is to critically analyse synthetic securitisation schemes in South African law as synthetic collateralised debt obligations using primarily credit default swaps (CDSs). This transpires from the perspective of primarily company law, and secondarily securities law and the law of contract. It includes a contextualised study of these schemes with regards to their origins, their significance regarding the recent financial crisis, and their rationales micro-economic influence and Basel capital requirements. Not only are the participants, such as parties acting in a primary role and secondary role and special-purpose institutions, studied, but also the obligations between these parties, such as the CDS contract, and the meaning of commercial paper, the legal nature of credit-linked notes, the business of a bank, and the influence of recent case law. It also includes a consideration of synthetic securitisation schemes in terms of the Collective Investment Schemes Control Act 45 of 2002. Furthermore, the role of systemic risk and moral hazard is explained, as well as the interaction between synthetic securitisation schemes, credit rating agencies and the function of risk management. The CDS is compared with insurance contracts, and a discussion of the 2014 International Swaps and Derivatives Association Credit Derivative Definitions is incorporated. For legal comparison, the South African model is compared with Canadian law and its unfunded credit derivatives in the light of recent regulation, and compared to German law and its prevalence of funded credit derivatives. Finally, suggestions are made as to the future of synthetic securitisation schemes.

The paper will be focused on examining the debt relief options available for consumer debtors in South Africa. This paper will look at the relationship between the National Credit Act 34 of 2005 and the Insolvency Act 24 of 1936. Further, it will examine the relationship between the provisions of section 74 of the Magistrates’ Courts Act 32 of 1944. The paper will conclude by looking at debt relief options available for consumer debtors in the United States of America and in England and Wales and will make comparative comments and recommendations on how we can adopt some provisions into our own insolvency system.

“Banks are neither private attorneys general nor bounty hunters, armed with a roving commission to seek out defaulting homeowners and take away their homes in satisfaction of some other bank’s deed of trust.” This Article examines the judicial treatment of mortgage assignments across various jurisdictions in the foreclosure context. Although some courts do permit debtors to challenge suspicious or problematic assignments, most have ignored such problems and denied standing to debtors attempting to assert assignment-based defenses. This is particularly surprising given the widespread and well-documented problems with foreclosure “robo-litigation,” including backdated documents, fraudulent notarizations, and unauthorized signatures. Despite the abuse of process by foreclosing entities, courts have permitted foreclosures to continue unabated and, in some instances, have even precluded the possibility of discovery to debtors seeking to ensure that title and assignments are legally valid. Judicial ambivalence about formal compliance by mortgage assignors and assignees in the foreclosure context is somewhat ironic given most courts’ routine enforcement of instruments against debtors who do not formally comply with all contractual terms. Current adjudicative approaches to mortgage assignment are seemingly disconnected from the devastating reality of the home mortgage crisis and its causes. Moreover, there are several rationales that would support a more robust enforcement of technical compliance with assignment procedures, including the need for procedural equity, title certainty, and public records integrity. Thus, as evidence exists that banks are still making many of the same problematic mistakes regarding transfer documentation, courts can perform an essential monitoring role as an important spur towards reform. Although it would not address all of the underlying causes of the housing crisis, an adjudicative approach that liberally permits challenges to mortgage assignments would encourage lenders and servicers to be more circumspect in their foreclosure processes.

تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى استعراض تجربة الجزائر في مجال جذب الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر من خلال الإشارة إلى جهودها المبذولة في سبيل تهيئة المناخ الاستثمار لامتلاكها مجموعة من مؤهلات واتخاذها العديد من مزايا التي تأهلها على استقطابه ، إلا أنها مازالت رغم ذلك تصنف ضمن المراتب الأخيرة من طرف الهيئات الدولية نظرا لوجود عدة عوامل تحد في مجملها من تدفق الاستثمارات الأجنبية إليها، لهذا خلصت هذه الدراسة إلى محاولة استعراض مجموعة من الآليات الكفيلة بتهيئة مناخ الاستثمار في الجزائر وجعله يتمتع بالاستقرار والجاذبية على جميع المستويات، وبناء تصور متكامل لعوامل جذب الاستثمار الاجنبي في الجزائر للفترة 1980-2012 ، لمعرفة أثرها على تدفقات الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر واقتراح معالجات مناسبة لها بما ينعكس بالإيجاب عليها مستقبلا.