Bibliographie sélective OHADA

Despite being part of Australian law for more than 30 years, the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (‘CISG’) has not secured the internationally minded interpretation that CISG art 7(1) requires. Australia’s international commercial arbitration (‘ICA’) laws, however, are routinely approached by Australian courts with an internationalist perspective, as their own interpretative rules require. It is tempting to conclude that Australia’s approach to interpreting its ICA laws is transferable to the CISG context. In this article I address a previously unexplored nuance affecting that conclusion. Australian courts routinely accept Singaporean, Hong Kong and New Zealand interpretative influence concerning ICA laws. In the CISG context, however, significantly less influence from those jurisdictions exists. That being so, I explore how Australia’s courts might better apply the CISG in an internationalist manner. First, I recommend that Australia’s courts emphasise to practitioners the need to consider the CISG’s application and its internationalist interpretation requirements. Second, I recommend that Australian courts use the amicus curiae procedure to solicit third party submissions addressing the CISG’s interpretation. Both techniques are applied by foreign courts in the ICA context and would assist Australian courts in discharging their CISG art 7(1) obligations.

From rationality to reality. The evolution of law and economics through the behavioral lens. Understanding how we choose: foundations of behavioral economics. Rethinking law through the lens of behavioral economics. Why law needs behavioral economics. The challenge of integrating behavioral economics into private law: freedom vs regulation. The double-edged sword of behavioral economics: protecting consumers from psychological manipulation. Balancing innovation and consumer rights: a global view on consumer protection in the EU, Italy and Colombia. Alternative dispute resolution and the judicial agreements. The justice system seen though behavioral economics. Judicial agreements: procedural autonomy and enhancing judicial cooperation. Alternative dispute resolution (ADR) and mediation: legal frameworks, party autonomy and behavioral economic. A brief comparative analysis on mediation: EU, Italy and Colombia. Applying behavioral economics in the ADR (mediation).

In the face of the judiciary's inability to keep pace with the electronic revolution and to provide swift means for resolving e-commerce disputes, the need has become urgent to search for more successful ways to resolve disputes and disagreements between contracting parties while simultaneously adhering to the requirements of e-commerce, which are based on speed. As a result of these efforts, electronic arbitration has emerged. Arbitration stands as an exceptional pathway for dispute resolution, stemming from mutual agreement and diverging from conventional litigation methods. Its purpose lies in resolving disputes by reaching a verdict issued by an arbitration panel, which holds comparable validity to a court ruling امام عجز القضاء عن اللحاق بالطفرة الإلكترونية وتوفير وسائل سريعة لفض منازعات التجارة الالكترونية، أصبحت الحاجة ملحة للبحث عن سبل أكثر نجاحا لفض منازعات والخلافات بين المتعاقدين مع الحفاظ في ذات الوقت على متطلبات التجارة الالكترونية القائمة على السرعة بين أطرافها، كانت نتيجة جهودها التحكيم الالكتروني. يعتبر التحكيم طريق استثنائي لفض الخصومات، مصدره الاتفاق وقوامه الخروج على طرق التقاضي العادية، من أجل فض المنازعات للوصل إلى حكم يصدر عن هيئة التحكيم، يتمتع بحجية الأمر المقضي به شأنه شأن حكم الصادر عن القضاء.

La médiation est une technique de communication faisant intervenir un tiers impartial, neutre et indépendant, pour aider des individus à trouver une issue à leur crise conflictuelle. Par essence, la médiation est un outil de résolution des conflits pacifiant, fondé sur la responsabilisation des parties. Attrayante par sa souplesse, louée pour son coût présenté comme modéré, le législateur en a encouragé l’expansion. Alors que l’article 21 du code de procédure civile confie au juge la mission de concilier les parties, la médiation devient l’un des outils privilégiés par les pouvoirs publics pour permettre la réalisation de cette mission. Ainsi, la loi n°95-125 du 8 février 1995, relative à l’organisation des juridictions et à la procédure civile, pénale et administrative, institue la médiation judiciaire. Elle marque le début d’un ancrage législatif en faveur de ce processus. Ce premier mouvement en faveur de la médiation s’est accéléré en France, à l’initiative de l’Union européenne qui a fait adopter le 21 mai 2008 la Directive 2008/52/CE portant sur la médiation en matière civile et commerciale. Le postulat de départ de ce texte est qu’un « cadre juridique prévisible peut permettre aux citoyens de l’Union européenne (UE) de bénéficier pleinement des avantages de la médiation en tant que mécanisme de résolution des conflits, notamment sur le plan de la rentabilité et de la rapidité ». Puis, la médiation conventionnelle a été encadrée au sein du code de procédure civile. L’intégration de la Directive 2008/52/CE au sein du corpus de normes du droit interne positif a permis de créer une définition légale de la médiation en ces termes : « La médiation régie par le présent chapitre s'entend de tout processus structuré, quelle qu'en soit la dénomination, par lequel deux ou plusieurs parties tentent de parvenir à un accord en vue de la résolution amiable de leurs différends, avec l'aide d'un tiers, le médiateur, choisi par elles ou désigné, avec leur accord, par le juge saisi du litige ».Or, le mouvement d’expansion de la médiation semble freiné par un jeu de résistances. Certaines de ces résistances concernent le processus et sont prévisibles. D’autres tiennent à des variables exogènes, résultats de questionnements sur la médiation, le médiateur, l’office du juge, la déjudiciarisation, la déjuridictionnalisation, et l’ordre public. L’étude pose que l’essor de la médiation est contrarié par une méconnaissance de la médiation, ainsi qu’en raison d’une méconnaissance des acteurs de la médiation.Le mouvement d’encouragement des pouvoirs publics à la tentative de médiation, pour prévenir ou traiter des contentieux du droit privé, semble se muer en une politique globale de l’amiable, recentrée sur la mission du juge de concilier les parties. Cette politique de l’amiable persiste à produire des normes tendant, notamment, à encadrer la médiation, à créer un statut pour le médiateur, dans l’optique d’acculturer les justiciables à ce mode amiable.L’objet de la présente thèse est d’analyser les résistances à l’essor de la médiation en droit privé et leurs conséquences sur son développement en France. Il s’agit de saisir ces résistances et leurs enjeux ; et de redonner force au processus de médiation, en offrant à ses prescripteurs un faisceau d’arguments intelligibles. Mediation is a communication technique involving an impartial, neutral and independent third party to help individuals find a way out of their conflict crisis. By nature, mediation is a pacifying conflict resolution tool, based on the accountability of the parties. Attractive for its flexibility, praised for its moderate cost, the legislator encouraged its expansion. While Article 21 of the Code of Civil Procedure entrusts the judge with the task of reconciling the parties, mediation is becoming one of the tools favoured by the public authorities to enable this mission to be carried out. Thus, Law No. 95-125 of February 8, 1995, relating to the organization of the courts and civil, criminal and administrative procedure, establishes judicial mediation. It marks the beginning of a legislative anchoring in favour of this process. This initial movement in favour of mediation has accelerated in France, at the initiative of the European Union, which adopted Directive 2008/52/EC on mediation in civil and commercial matters on May 21, 2008. The premise of this text is that "a predictable legal framework can allow citizens of the European Union (EU) to fully benefit from the advantages of mediation as a dispute resolution mechanism, particularly in terms of cost-effectiveness and speed". Then, conventional mediation was framed in the Code of Civil Procedure. The incorporation of Directive 2008/52/EC into the body of norms of positive domestic law has made it possible to create a legal definition of mediation in the following terms: "Mediation governed by this chapter means any structured process, whatever its name, by which two or more parties attempt to reach an agreement with a view to the amicable resolution of their disputes, with the help of a third party, the mediator, chosen by them or appointed, with their agreement, by the judge hearing the dispute". However, the movement towards the expansion of mediation seems to be slowed down by a game of resistance. Some of these resistances are process-related and predictable. Others relate to exogenous variables, the result of questions about mediation, the mediator, the judge's office, diversion, dejurisdictionalization, and public order. The study posits that the development of mediation is thwarted by a lack of knowledge of mediation, as well as because of a lack of knowledge of the actors involved in mediation. The movement to encourage the public authorities to attempt mediation, to prevent or deal with private law disputes, seems to be turning into a global policy of amicable litigation, refocused on the judge's mission to reconcile the parties. This amicable policy persists in producing standards tending, in particular, to regulate mediation, to create a status for the mediator, with a view to acculturating litigants to this amicable method. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the resistance to the rise of mediation in private law and their consequences on its development in France. It is a question of grasping these resistances and their stakes; and to give strength to the mediation process, by offering its prescribers a bundle of intelligible arguments.

随着我国电子商务的快速发展，消费纠纷的高频化、小额化与跨地域性特征对传统争议解决机制提出挑战。当今社会各方面发展都强调数字化转型，数字赋能正如火如荼为电子商务行业源源不断地注入能量。从技术层面来说，电商消费纠纷仲裁可以通过在线流程、区块链存证等技术手段实现，从而显著降低纠纷解决成本并提升效率。但在数据尚未正式在法律层面确权或者明确为某种权益的背景下，加之消费纠纷对立双方在信息、地位、经济上天然的不对等性，设计何种仲裁规则才能实质上促使纠纷双方形成平等的法律地位，从而公正地保护双方合法权益，有效化解纠纷是一个值得研究的问题。本文在传统商事仲裁、消费仲裁在域外实践以及国内最新试验实践的基础上，研究在我国电子商务场域建立消费仲裁制度的必要性、可能性与可行性，设置“消费者友好型”的仲裁规则，以期为消费仲裁制度制定者与电商平台治理者提供参考。 With the rapid development of e-commerce in China, the high-frequency, small amount and cross-regional nature of consumer disputes have challenged the traditional dispute resolution mechanism. All aspects of development in today’s society emphasize digital transformation, and digital empowerment is in full swing to inject energy into the e-commerce industry. From the technical level, e-commerce consumer dispute arbitration can be realized through online processes, blockchain deposits and other technological means, thus significantly reducing the cost of dispute resolution and improving efficiency. However, against the backdrop of data not yet being formally recognized or defined as a specific right at the legal level, and considering the inherent inequality between the opposing parties in consumer disputes in terms of information, status, and economic power, designing arbitration rules that can effectively promote equality in legal status between the disputing parties, thereby fairly protecting the legitimate rights and interests of both sides and effectively resolving disputes, is a question worthy of in-depth study. On the basis of traditional commercial arbitration, consumer arbitration in overseas practice and the latest domestic experimental practice, this paper studies the necessity, possibility and feasibility of establishing consumer arbitration system in China’s e-commerce field, and sets up “consumer-friendly” arbitration rules, with a view to providing references for the makers of consumer arbitration system and e-commerce platforms’ governors.

El presente ensayo surge de la experiencia del ejercicio profesional de la abogacía en la que en el ámbito judicial, extrajudicial, donde se ha observado diferentes vicisitudes en el desarrollo y ejecución de procesos judiciales, generando de esta forma ineficiencia en la administración de justicia; para lo cual como alternativa viable surgen los métodos alternativos de solución de conflictos con la promulgación de la Ley de Arbitraje y Mediación surgen en septiembre de 1997 como una opción ante la deficiente administración de Justicia.Sin embargo, esta ineficiencia procesal representa a su vez un obstáculo real para su ejercicio efectivo de derechos, especialmente obtener “justicia” para los ciudadanos que enfrentan demoras prolongadas y procedimientos burocráticos que terminan por vulnerar sus derechos. Uno de los objetivos del artículo es la de establecer las medidas efectivas que se pueden adoptar en instancia extrajudicial y elementos necesarios alcanzar la tan preciada “Justicia” siendo esta “la constante y perpetua voluntad de dar a cada quien lo que le corresponde” (Ulpiano, 2015).

有效的仲裁协议是仲裁的前提，仲裁协议的相对性限制承受实体权利义务的非仲裁协议签字方成为仲裁程序中的适格主体，但是仲裁协议效力扩张理论和合并仲裁理论为第三人参与仲裁程序提供了理论依据。为便于纠纷化解，涉及利益的当事人权益得以维护，仲裁第三人程序的构建能帮助解决当前复杂的纠纷。本文以仲裁协议为标准，结合仲裁理论将仲裁第三人分为基于同一仲裁协议的第三人和基于不同仲裁协议的第三人，并指出仲裁第三人制度要解决的核心问题是真正的纠纷当事人进入仲裁程序的问题。然后对相关案例和现有法律进行分析；对仲裁第三人程序准入路径分析，提出仲裁第三人程序准入模型，明确了第三人进入仲裁程序后可以成为当事人。最后对我国构建仲裁第三人制度的构建提出转变仲裁理念，立法改革 An effective arbitration agreement is the prerequisite for arbitration. The relativity of the arbitration agreement restricts non-signatories who bear substantive rights and obligations from becoming qualified parties in the arbitration process. However, theories on the expansion of the effectiveness of arbitration agreements and consolidated arbitration provide theoretical grounds for third-party participation in arbitration proceedings. To facilitate dispute resolution and protect the interests of parties involved, the establishment of an arbitration third-party procedure can help address current complex disputes. This paper uses the arbitration agreement as a standard and combines arbitration theory to categorize arbitration third parties into those based on the same arbitration agreement and those based on different arbitration agreements. It points out that the core issue that the arbitration third-party system aims to solve is the entry of genuine dispute parties into the arbitration process. Then, it analyzes relevant cases and existing laws; examines the pathways for access to the arbitration third-party procedure and proposes an access model for the arbitration third-party procedure, clarifying that third parties can become parties after entering the arbitration process. Finally, it suggests transforming arbitration concepts and legislative reforms to establish an arbitration third-party system in China.

El arbitraje internacional ha emergido como una herramienta clave para la resolución de controversias en el comercio sostenible, ofreciendo un marco eficiente y flexible. Este estudio analiza el uso del arbitraje en casos relacionados con comercio y sostenibilidad, evaluando su efectividad en la promoción de prácticas comerciales responsables.

El arbitraje comercial internacional enfrenta el desafío de integrar tecnologías emergentes como la inteligencia artificial, el Big Data y el blockchain, sin comprometer sus principios fundamentales de confidencialidad y transparencia. Este artículo analiza, a partir de una revisión documental y comparativa, cómo el uso de estas tecnologías im-pacta la gestión de casos, el análisis predictivo y la ejecución de laudos, al tiempo que mejora la eficiencia y accesibilidad del arbitraje, pero también genera riesgos en materia de privacidad, ciberseguridad y protección de datos sensibles. Asimismo, se analizan los enfoques regulatorios adoptados en distintas jurisdicciones, incluyendo el Reglamento de la Unión Europea, el modelo flexible de Estados Unidos y las iniciativas tecnológi-cas de países asiáticos como China y Hong Kong. La investigación concluye que, para equilibrar la innovación y la protección de la información, es indispensable implementar protocolos globales y estándares éticos que garanticen un arbitraje confiable y seguro en entornos digitales. International commercial arbitration faces the challenge of integrating technologies such as artificial intelligence, Big Data, and blockchain, without undermining confidentiality and transparency. This article examines how these tools impact case management, predictive analysis, and the enforcement of awards, improving efficiency while also raising concerns about privacy and cybersecurity. Regulatory approaches are explored, from the European Union’s framework to the more flexible model of the United States and technological initiatives in Asia. The research concludes that it is essential to establish global and ethical standards to ensure a secure and reliable arbitration process in the digital era.

The provisions of USMCA and their interpretation and application in the developing case law of international arbitral tribunals constituted under its investment chapter show a progressive move towards a higher transparency standard in the resolution of inves-tor-State disputes. The incorporation of most of the UNCITRAL Rules on Transparen-cy in USMCA Annex 14-D expanded the scope of NAFTA’s transparency rules. The entry into force of USMCA and the recent end of NAFTA’s “legacy claims” is to bring normative uniformity across the case law of arbitral tribunals on issues of procedural transparency. In addition, better access to arbitral orders and awards under USMCA will promote the quality of the decisions, as tribunals and parties will be able to lean on the experience of their predecessors. Las disposiciones del T-MEC y su aplicación en la jurisprudencia arbitral internacional muestran un avance hacia mayores estándares de transparencia en disputas inversionista-Estado. Al incorporar la mayoría de las Reglas de Transparencia de la CNUDMI en su Anexo 14-D, el T-MEC amplió el marco del TLCAN. La entrada en vigor del T-MEC y el fin de las “reclamaciones heredadas” del TLCAN promueven una mayor uniformidad normativa en torno a la transparencia procesal. Esta coherencia fortalecerá la aceptación del capítulo de inversión del T-MEC y aumentará la legitimidad del arbitraje de inversiones a nivel global.

Este artículo responde a la propuesta académica del Departamento de Derecho de la Uni-versidad Iberoamericana en conmemoración del 10.° aniversario de las normas de trans-parencia de la Comisión de las Naciones Unidas para el Derecho Mercantil (CNUDMI) y complementa la actividad académica realizada por la Universidad Iberoamericana, la Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores de México y el Centro de Mediación y Arbitraje de la Cámara de Comercio de la Ciudad de México (CANACO), con el apoyo de la Secre-taría de la CNUDMI, en el marco del UNCITRAL LAC DAYS- México 2024. Durante esta actividad se organizaron tres mesas de debate integradas por desta-cados miembros de la comunidad arbitral, de la sociedad civil y del sector privado. La temática de estudio brindó desde México una visión sobre la confidencialidad vs. la transparencia, así como los avances y los retos de la transparencia en el arbitraje inter-nacional.

From an approach to the concepts of transparency, confidentiality, and privacy, this article examines the tension that may arise between these principles in international commercial arbitration. It also analyzes how arbitration rules address confidentiality and transparency, questioning whether a balance between the two has been achieved. Additionally, it reflects on the impact of public interest in promoting transparency in arbitral proceedings, considering whether the measures adopted are compatible with this type of arbitration. Desde un acercamiento a las nociones de transparencia, confidencialidad y privacidad, en este artículo se valora la tensión que puede existir entre dichos conceptos en el arbi-traje comercial internacional. Asimismo, se alude a algunos reglamentos de arbitraje que abordan la confidencialidad y la transparencia, parar mostrar si se alcanza un equilibrio entre los principios analizados. Además, se llama a reflexionar sobre el impacto del inte-rés público en la búsqueda de la transparencia en los procesos arbitrales, con la finalidad de abrir el debate sobre la compatibilidad de las medidas que se han adoptado en este rubro en el arbitraje comercial.

ملخص: في إطار المحاولات الدائمة للدول الغربية والشركات العملاقة نحو عولمة التحكيم وتدويل منازعات الاستثمار تتنوع أثار قبول شرط التحكيم ويتسع نطاقها يوما بعد يوم من أجل زيادة فعالية الأحكام التي تصدرها محاكم التحكيم، بل أن هناك تنافس واضح بين التشريعات الوطنية لدعم هذا الاتجاه وتشجيع اللجوء للتحكيم، وتقليص دور المحاكم الوطنية في نظر منازعات التجارة الدولية بهدف بث الثقة في مناخ الاستثمار وجذب رؤوس الأموال الأجنبية اللازمة لدفع عجلة التنمية، وهو ما أدى بتطور الفكر القانوني وأضحى يتلاءم ومستجدات التجارة الدولية وتعقدها وتطورها إلى دخول فكرة التحكيم الشكل الدولي في إطار المنظمات العالمية. حاولت المنظمة العالمية للتجارة التوفيق بين مختلف الاتجاهات المتعارضة في إطار حل المنازعات التجارية المتعلقة بالإستثمار بوضع مجموعة من القواعد التي تنظم عملية التحكيم وإجراءاته، مما عزز الثقة بين المتعاملين الاقتصاديين، وتبرز أهمية وهدف البحث في إبراز الدور القانوني المناط بهذه المنظمات ذات الطابع الدولي لحل المنازعات من جهة ذات الطابع الدولي ومن جهة أخرى فإنه يعد من أرز الصروح العلمية والعملية في مجال التحكيم على المستوى الدولي وهو ما عزز الدراسة بإعتمادنا على المنهج التحليلي الوصفي لهاته الأخيرة لظرورة الدراسة والبحث . الكلمات المفتاحية: التحكيم، اتفاق التحكيم، تدويل منازعات الاستثمار Abstract: In the framework of the permanent attempts of Western countries and giant companies towards the globalization of arbitration and the internationalization of investment disputes, the effects of acceptance of the arbitration clause will vary and widen day after day in order to increase the effectiveness of judgments rendered by the arbitral tribunals. There is also a clear competition between national legislation to support this trend and encourage And to reduce the role of national courts in the consideration of international trade disputes in order to instill confidence in the investment climate and attract the necessary foreign capital to accelerate development .. Which has led to the development of legal thought and became compatible with the developments of international trade and complexity and development to enter the idea of ​​international arbitration in the framework of international organizations. The World Trade Organization has tried to reconcile the various conflicting trends in the framework of resolving commercial disputes related to investment by setting a set of rules that regulate the arbitration process and its procedures, which has enhanced confidence between economic dealers, and highlights the importance and goal of research in highlighting the legal role assigned to these organizations of an international character. To resolve disputes on the one hand of an international character, and on the other hand, it is considered one of the most important scientific and practical edifices in the field of arbitration at the international level, which is what strengthened the study by relying on the descriptive analytical approach of the latter for the necessity of study and research.

Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing the legal sector by automating judicial processes, enhancing efficiency, and reducing litigation time. AI-powered systems support case management, legal research, and predictive analytics, enabling judges and lawyers to make data-driven decisions. Additionally, AI is integrated into alternative dispute resolution methods, such as online mediation and arbitration, streamlining conflict resolution. However, this article concerns about transparency, accountability, and potential biases in AI-generated rulings persist. يُحدث الذكاء الاصطناعي تحولًا في القطاع القانوني من خلال أتمتة العمليات القضائية، مما يعزز الكفاءة ويقلل مدة التقاضي. تدعم الأنظمة الذكية إدارة القضايا، والبحث القانوني، والتحليلات التنبؤية، ما يساعد القضاة والمحامين في اتخاذ قرارات مستندة إلى البيانات. كما يُدمج الذكاء الاصطناعي في الوسائل البديلة لحل النزاعات، مثل الوساطة والتحكيم عبر الإنترنت، لتسريع التسوية. ورغم فوائده، تظل قضايا الشفافية والمساءلة والانحياز محل جدل، مما يستدعي تنظيمًا دقيقًا لضمان التوازن بين الابتكار والعدالة.

Les grands projets miniers sont porteurs d’enjeux économiques, sociaux, et environnementaux au Cameroun. L’exploitation minière est dans ce sens juridiquement encadrée par le Code minier. Elle implique autant d’opportunités que de risques susceptibles d’engendrer des différends sociaux et environnementaux. La gestion de ces différends implique la convocation des Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), qui constituent une voie d’accès à la résolution des litiges aussi importante que la saisine du juge. Cependant, l’apparente libéralité de ces ADR suscite des inquiétudes quant à l’efficacité de leur mise en œuvre et leur force juridique. Il en ressort que, bien que ces mécanismes soient consacrés, leur encadrement juridique nécessite d’être renforcé. Major mining projects pose economic, social and environmental challenges in Cameroon. Mining operations are therefore legally regulated by the Mining Code. They present both opportunities and risks that can lead to social and environmental disputes. Managing these disputes therefore requires the convening of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanisms, which constitute a means of accessing justice as important as going to court. However, the apparent liberality of these ADR mechanisms raises concerns about the effectiveness of their implementation and their legal force. It appears that although these mechanisms are established, their legal framework needs to be strengthened.

Par le truchement de la résolution des litiges nés du mouvement et des acteurs sportifs, le juge statuant dans le contentieux sportif se préoccupe également de l’applicabilité de ses décisions juridictionnelles. Sauf que l’on ne devrait pas généraliser le poids de celle-ci sur tous les cas rendus par le juge sportif. Se voulant intelligible ce dernier l’acuité de l’autorité de chose jugée face à certains incidents de procédure. Cette négation est davantage entretenue par des modalités spécifiques. Par ailleurs, dans son énoncé, le juge sportif prescrit de se référer au dispositif pour dériver prosaïquement les termes de l’autorité de chose jugée et la force exécutoire de la sentence arbitrale.

L’arbitrage est une réalité en Afrique depuis longtemps déjà. C’est avec l’avènement de l’Organisation pour l’Harmonisation en Afrique du Droit des Affaires que ce domaine a pu avoir un dispositif bien structuré. Etant un mode alternatif de règlement des différends, l’arbitrage a pour fondement prépondérant la volonté des parties qui y font recours. Il s’est donc posé en filigrane la question de la portée de la volonté des parties à l’arbitrage OHADA. Le constat est que tout comme en matière contractuelle, elle est un élément indispensable à l’efficacité de ce mode de résolution des litiges. C’est la raison pour laquelle sa portée est traduite par une prégnance avérée, et un recul tout de même constaté.

El estudio de la seguridad jurídica como garantía del debido proceso en el cumplimiento de las resoluciones judiciales en los procedimientos voluntario, sumario y ordinario tuvo como objetivo analizar la incidencia de la seguridad jurídica en el cumplimiento de las resoluciones judiciales en los procedimientos voluntario, sumario y ordinario como garantía de los procesos judiciales. Para lo cual, se utilizó una investigación de tipo desriptiva y de campo, con un enfoque mixto y el método hermenéutico; para la recopilación de información primaria se aplicó una encuesta y entrevista a los juristas en libre ejercicio de su profesión. Se obtuvo que que todas las personas tienen derecho al debido proceso, el cual está ligado estrechamente al derecho a la seguridad jurídica ya que, este segundo implica el conocimiento y certeza del derecho positivo, la confianza de la sociedad en las instituciones del Estado y en el orden jurídico y la existencia de mecanismos jurídicos frente a las afectaciones que pudieren existir. Se concluyó que la seguridad jurídica como garantía del debido proceso en el cumplimiento de las resoluciones judiciales es esencial para mantener la confianza en el sistema legal y para proteger los derechos fundamentales de las personas involucradas en cualquier procedimiento legal, ya sea voluntario, sumario u ordinario.

法院作为司法公权力的拥有者，掌握着对司法程序中的强制措施的实施权力。在仲裁程序中，由于以当事人合意为基础的仲裁庭权力不天然包含“强制执行力”，因此在仲裁程序的诸多环节，都必须依靠法院的参与来完成命令发布与措施执行。但是，法院职权在仲裁程序中不应无限延伸，出于对“公正与效率”双位价值的平衡追求，必须深刻厘清法院在仲裁程序中的权力配置，确定其参与仲裁程序的整体职能。以仲裁法的修订为背景，《仲裁法》(修订意见稿)中增添的临时措施能够为法院与仲裁庭、仲裁机构的三方权力配置提供良好视角。法院在仲裁程序各个制度层面与阶段所担任的角色，本质上还应当回归以其“裁决权力的来源”为中心的理论基础。 As the owner of judicial public power, the court holds the power to implement compulsory measures in judicial procedures. In arbitration proceedings, due to the fact that the power of the arbitration tribunal based on the agreement of the parties does not naturally include “enforceability”, it is necessary to rely on the participation of the court in many aspects of the arbitration procedure to complete the issuance of orders and the enforcement of measures. However, the power of the court should not be infinitely extended in the arbitration procedure. In pursuit of a balance between the values of “fairness and efficiency”, it is necessary to deeply clarify the power allocation of the court in the arbitration procedure and determine its overall function of participating in the arbitration procedure. Against the backdrop of the revision of the Arbitration Law, the addition of temporary measures in the revised draft of the Arbitration Law can provide a good perspective for the tripartite power allocation between courts, arbitration tribunals, and arbitration institutions. The role played by the court in various institutional levels and stages of arbitration proceedings should essentially return to the theoretical foundation centered on its “source of arbitration power”.

In Nigeria, the United Nations Convention on International Settlement Agreements Resulting from Mediation (2018) has entered into force. This Convention was incorporated or domesticated by referring to it in the Arbitration and Mediation Act (2023), but statutes are often dedicated to the domestication of treaties. There is no consensus on the most pragmatic way(s) to facilitate Nigerian treaty engagement. This article examines the Nigerian legal regime on treaties and explores the extent to which the regime can be maximised considering the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (1969). A case is made for a principled basis to underpin the domestication of treaties that facilitate international business, including dispute resolution treaties. This analytical basis should enable legislative flexibility already woven into the overarching legal regime. The article articulates how such flexibility can be used to promote the operationalisation of relevant treaties using the Arbitration and Mediation Act as a paradigm.