Bibliographie sélective OHADA

Le juge est le maillon fort de la chaine judiciaire qui a reçu le pouvoir d’appliquer la règle de droit. En tant qu’érudit du droit, le juge connait diverses situations juridiques litigieuses qui font appel à l’interprétation d’un matériau assez vaste. Dans ce matériau, l’application du droit international demeure un enjeu majeur pour l’office du juge. Ceci est d’autant plus vrai en ce qui concerne le droit international humanitaire, qui est très spécifique. Au regard des circonstances politiques, économiques et des conditions professionnelles qui encadre l’office du juge africain, l’intérêt transparait à travers cette formule : quelles sont les postures du juge africain dans l’application du droit international humanitaire ? Une telle interrogation évoque la question de la réception des règles internationales dans les ordres juridiques internes, mais aussi leur appropriation par les acteurs chargés de leur mise en œuvre. Cette interrogation permet de relever les efforts au regard de la présence des facteurs inhibiteurs en Afrique surtout. Ces efforts, quoique toujours insuffisants, s’inscrivent indéniablement dans une dynamique de promotion et de consolidation du droit international humanitaire. Juge promoteur, juge consolidateur sont les postures observées en Afrique dans les affaires relatives à l’application du droit international humanitaire, mais toujours dans une camisole d’insuffisance. The judge is the strong link in the judicial chain, empowered to apply the rule of law. As a legal scholar, the judge is familiar with a variety of contentious legal situations that call for the interpretation of a vast body of rules. Within this legal corpus, the application of international law remains a major challenge for the judge’s office. This is all the more true in the case of international humanitarian law, which is highly specific. In view of the political and economic circumstances and the professional conditions that govern the office of the African judge, the question arises: what are the African judge’s attitudes to the application of international humanitarian law? Such a question raises the issue of how international rules are received by domestic legal systems, and how they are appropriated by the actors responsible for implementing them. This question helps to highlight the efforts being made in view of the presence of inhibiting factors, especially in Africa. These efforts, though still insufficient, are undeniably part of a dynamic to promote and consolidate international humanitarian law. Judge-promoter, judge-consolidator are the postures observed in Africa in cases relating to the application of international humanitarian law, but always in a straitjacket of inadequacy.

La reconnaissance simultanée des compétences judiciaires à la Cour commune de justice et d’arbitrage et à la cour de la Communauté de l’Afrique de l’Est agit comme obstacle à la réussite de l’intégration économique des pays appartenant simultanément à ces deux communautés, qui constitue pourtant un préalable fondamental en vue de leur développement. Suite à cette situation, les investisseurs pourraient se trouver dans une situation telle que des litiges tombent sous le champ d’application tant du droit de l’OHADA que de celui de la Communauté de l’Afrique de l’Est et appeler ainsi à la compétence tant de la CCJA que de la cour de justice de la CAE. Ce télescopage peut véritablement être à l'origine d'une insécurité juridique. Toutefois, pour vider les problèmes de cohabitation, la mise en œuvre d’une juridiction régionale compétente pour les affaires découlant de la mise en œuvre des Traités d’intégration régionale en Afrique serait importante. La CCJA présente dans ce sens des mérites qui peuvent être capitalisés.

随着“去法院中心主义”的改革，司法实践中仲裁机构的重要性越来越突出，通过仲裁分流案件的需求日益迫切，仲裁法修改在即，有必要构建更包容开放的仲裁制度。在担保制度中，主合同与从合同往往会出现约定管辖不一致的情形，当主合同约定仲裁管辖而从合同约定法院管辖或者未作约定时，主合同的仲裁协议能否扩张至担保合同是一个值得研究的问题。实践中同案不同判的现象时有发生，现行立法对仲裁协议效力扩张持否定态度，由此会产生债权人先起诉保证人的案件无法审理等一系列问题。解决上述问题需要做出原则规定、例外规定以及补充规则，在尊重当事人意思自治的基础上兼顾诉讼效率。 With the reform of “de-court centralism”, the importance of arbitration institutions has become more and more prominent in judicial practice, the demand for diverting cases through arbitration has become increasingly urgent, and the arbitration law is about to be revised, so it is necessary to build a more inclusive and open arbitration system. In the guarantee system, the agreed jurisdiction between the master contract and the accessory contract is often inconsistent. When the master contract stipulates arbitration jurisdiction and the accessory contract stipulates court jurisdiction or fails to do so, whether the arbitration agreement of the master contract can be extended to the guarantee contract is a problem worthy of study. In practice, the phenomenon of different judgments in the same case occurs from time to time, and the current legislation holds a negative attitude towards the expansion of the effectiveness of the arbitration agreement, which will lead to a series of problems such as the case that the creditor sued the guarantor first and could not be tried. To solve the above problems, we need to make principles, exceptions and supplementary rules, and give consideration to litigation efficiency on the basis of respecting the autonomy of the parties.

The glaring lack of employment opportunities in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has led to the conclusion of special employment contracts, includin…

The African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights recently published a general comment interpreting article 7(d) of the so-called Maputo Protocol.…

Based on bank-level data from 29 Sub-Saharan African countries between 2005 and 2019, we apply panel fixed effects (FE) and two-step system GMM estimators to investigate whether increased cross-border banking affects domestic banking sector stability. We find significant evidence that the stability of banks in host countries declines with an increased presence of foreign banks—and the impact is more pronounced on banks that are small and less efficient. The stability impact of foreign banks is also found to depend on the quality of governance institutional factors in the host country. The findings shed some important insights on the downside of financial liberalisation policy in developing countries and the need for increased cross-border collaboration between home and host supervisory authorities in the SSA region—especially in jurisdictions where the foreign bank affiliates are systemically important. The domestic supervisory authorities thus need to effectively manage the inherent trade-off between reaping the benefits from international financial integration while effectively safeguarding domestic banking systems against cross-border contagion and fragility.

L’Objectif de cette recherche est de comprendre la portée de la mutation comptable sur la production d’une information financière de qualité. Pour ce faire, nous avons opté pour une posture épistémologique interpretativiste adossée sur une démarche qualitative inductive. A l’aide d’un guide d’entretien, nous avons réalisé les entretiens semi-directifs auprès de dix (10) gestionnaires financiers des entreprises publiques en RD Congo. Les données collectées, ont fait l’objet d’une analyse de contenu et automatisée à l’aide du logiciel Nvivo 10. Il ressort de ces analyses que la mutation comptable PCGC/OHADA contribuerait à l’amélioration de la qualité de l’information financière dans les entreprises publiques en RD Congo. Ce qui interpelle les gestionnaires des entreprises publiques d’une part et le conseil permanent de la comptabilité au Congo d’autre part de veiller véritablement à l’applicabilité stricte du SYSCOHADA pour une information financière de qualité. Car la mutation comptable PCGC/OHADA s’implémente avec beaucoup des difficultés dans les entreprises publiques en RD Congo surtout lors des travaux d’inventaires.  

Si la sécurité de l'emploi reste forte, la stabilité de l'emploi, elle, continue à être un sujet de préoccupation. Il n'y a qu'une faible relation entre l'indicateur objectif de la sécurité de l'emploi qu'est la durabilité et la perception qu'en ont les gens à travers les pays. Ainsi, « il existe une relation positive entre le travail décent et la sécurité de l'emploi ». La sécurité de l'emploi peut être générée par son caractère stable, mais quand se profile une récession ou que s'accélèrent les changements structurels, la stabilité de l'emploi risque d'être mise en péril. Dans ces situations, les salariés ont besoin de compter sur leurs systèmes de protection sociale. Mais c’est de toute évidence dans l’optique de sécuriser l’emploi que le législateur prévoit des techniques conciliantes entre l’employeur et les employés afin de stabiliser l’emploi. De ce fait, on observe une redynamisation des conditions de travail par la modification des dispositions contractuelles. En outre, même en cas de changement dans la situation juridique de l’employeur le principe reste celui de la subsistance du contrat en cours. If job security remain strong, job stability continues to be a subject of concern. There is only a weak relationship between the objective indicator of job security and this is sustainability and the perception of it by people accross the country. Thus, « there is a positive relationship between decent work and job security ». Job security can be generated by its stable nature, but when a recession looms or structural changes accelerate, job stability risks being jeopardized. In these situations, employees have need to rely on their social protection systems. But, it is obviously with a view to securing employment that the legislator provides conciliatory techniques between the employer and employees in order to stabilize employment. As a result, we are considering a revitalization of working conditions by modifying contractual provisions. Furthermore, even in the event of a change in the legal situation of the employer, the principle remains that of the continuation of the current contract.

The increasing nautical frequentation within marine protected areas (MPA) presents significant challenges for managers. Amidst growing anthropogenic pressures, recreational nautical activities offer economic benefits and cultural significance, yet they also pose a threat to marine ecosystems. In response, managers of MPA are seeking solutions, particularly on a legal level, to regulate both individual activities and overall visitation. This doctoral research aims to contribute to this effort by firmly anchoring its investigation within the realm of law while adopting an interdisciplinary approach to grasp the complexity of the issues at hand and provide concrete responses to managers and local stakeholders. Through the analysis of two case studies, the Iroise Marine Natural Park and the Port-Cros National Park, it explores the legal constraints and opportunities and formulates contextually appropriate recommendations. Moreover, the analysis underscores the importance of appropriate governance to regulate recreational and nautical activities within MPA. Having identified shortcomings in both legal and non-legal instruments utilized within environmental law to manage thoses activities within MPA, this research delves into several strategies to mitigate these deficiencies. These strategies encompass a spectrum of approaches, from embracing negotiated governance structures to advocating for the innovative concept of behavioral adjustment. These approaches foster close collaboration among stakeholders and heighten environmental awareness, thereby facilitating effective regulation of nautical frequentation within MPA. L'augmentation de la fréquentation de plaisance dans les aires marines protégées (AMP) pose des défis majeurs aux gestionnaires. Dans le cadre d'une anthropisation croissante, les activités liées à la plaisance sont économiquement bénéfiques et culturellement significatives, mais elles représentent également une menace pour les écosystèmes marins. Face à cette problématique, les gestionnaires des AMP recherchent des solutions, notamment sur le plan juridique, afin de réguler à la fois les activités pratiquées individuellement et la fréquentation elle-même dans son ensemble. La présente recherche doctorale propose de contribuer à ce travail en ancrant résolument sa réflexion dans le champ du droit, tout en adoptant une posture interdisciplinaire pour saisir la complexité des enjeux en présence et apporter des réponses concrètes aux gestionnaires et aux acteurs locaux. À travers l'analyse de deux études de cas, le Parc naturel marin d'Iroise et le Parc national de Port-Cros, elle explore les limites et les leviers d'action juridiques et formule des recommandations adaptées aux contextes. Ainsi, l'analyse met en évidence l'importance d'une gouvernance adaptée pour réguler la plaisance dans les AMP. Après avoir vérifié les lacunes de certains outils juridiques et non juridiques mobilisés en droit de l’environnement pour réguler les activités de plaisance au sein des AMP, cette recherche explore les différentes voies pour pallier ces lacunes depuis l'adoption du concept de gouvernance négociée, au choix raisonné en faveur d'un outil innovant : le terme d'ajustement de conduite. Ces approches favorisent une collaboration étroite entre les parties prenantes et renforcent la conscientisation environnementale, ouvrant ainsi la voie à une régulation plus efficace de la fréquentation de plaisance dans les AMP.

This report examines the experiences of Ghanaian exporters and importers with trade regulations and related procedural obstacles – highlighting their concerns and the challenges they face. A survey of 960 traders on non-tariff measures found that almost half of exporters in Ghana encounter obstacles. This finding underscores the importance of the solutions proposed in the country’s National Export Development Strategy. The report finds that tackling foreign and domestic trade obstacles such as conformity assessment requirements, export inspections and customs clearance procedures could help Ghana boost its annual exports by up to $4.3 billion by 2025.

This article explores the terms “BRI dispute” and “BRI jurisprudence”. It undertakes a practical and theoretical analysis that considers whether “BRI disputes” have distinct and visible characteristics and are capable of being identified in a legal sense. This is important since practitioners – arbitration centres and law firms – use the term broadly and without specific criteria. By exploring the customary usage and the approach of legal scholars to the term, presenting examples of “BRI disputes” and examining their unique features, and constructing a theoretical approach (utilizing the concepts of ratione materiae, ratione loci, ratione temporis, and ratione personae; and considering the jurisprudence of the ICSID), this article moves from a broad to a narrow analysis to develop both a definition and a system of registration of “BRI disputes” for use by academics, practitioners, and policymakers.

The purpose of the Competition Act 89 of 1998 as amended (the Competition Act) is, among others, to promote the efficiency, adaptability and development of the economy as well as to provide consumers with competitive prices and product choices. In line with this purpose, the Competition Act provides that a dominant firm is prohibited from engaging in price discrimination if such conduct will likely substantially prevent or lessen competition, which would be to the detriment of consumers. Notably, the Competition Act has established various bodies to regulate competition and act against any conduct prohibited by this Act in South Africa. These bodies include the Competition Commission, the Competition Tribunal, and the Competition Appeal Court. Notwithstanding the prohibition of price discrimination, the Competition Act does not expressly provide adequate enforcement tools for competition authorities to combat uncompetitive practices in the digital era. Moreover, the Competition Act does not expressly grant these statutory bodies clear roles and mandates on providing consumers with adequate and suitable redress when they have been victims of algorithmic price discrimination. With recent technological developments, electronic commerce (e-commerce), and digital transformation, consumers have become vulnerable to various challenges such as excessive pricing, data breaches and algorithmic pricing. The online and digital markets are characterised by complex transactions, innovative technologies and business practices which expose all consumers, including vulnerable consumers, to different risks. As such, the role of the competition authorities needs to be recalibrated to enhance consumer protection on the pricing of goods and services. To this end this paper seeks to investigate the role and ambit of the powers of these competition authorities in the regulation of price discrimination in the context of digital transformation and the digital economy. This is done to assess whether the competition authorities have the necessary tools of enforcement to ensure that markets are competitive and to combat uncompetitive conduct in the digital economy and online markets.

This study examines Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices in Nigerian public sector organisations using a comprehensive mixed-methods approach. The data collection process involved analysing 185 organisation-year observations from annual reports spanning 2011–2020, as well as questionnaires distributed to key stakeholders and interviews with senior executives from various organisations.The analysis utilised a multi-pronged strategy, including quantitative techniques such as regression analysis to explore the relationship between CSR practices and corporate governance mechanisms and qualitative methods such as narrative analysis and thematic coding to gain insights from survey responses and interviews.The findings indicate that CSR practices in the Nigerian public sector are moving in a positive direction. Organisations demonstrated commitment to CSR activities, including community development, education, environmental conservation, and philanthropy. Survey results showed that 83% of organisations engaged in CSR, driven by community acceptance and moral obligation. Additionally, 84% of organisations complied with regulatory frameworks, and 79% aligned their CSR policies with national or international standards. The analysis also found a significant positive relationship between CSR practices and factors such as larger board sizes, greater board independence, the presence of women on the board, and CEOs with longer tenures, higher educational qualifications, and international exposure.By triangulating these findings, it is clear that organisations have a strong commitment to giving back through various CSR initiatives, such as humanitarian assistance, youth empowerment, and educational programmes. Despite challenges such as budgetary constraints and weak accountability frameworks, organisations recognise the perceived benefits of CSR, including increased public confidence, improved stakeholder perceptions, enhanced organisational reputation, trust-building, community engagement, and empowering marginalised communities through education.The insights gained from this study conducted in an emerging economy namely, Nigeria, provide a new understanding of CSR practices in public-sector organisations. They also highlight the proactive approach of public sector organisations towards responsible practices. Consequently, the implications of this research extend beyond national boundaries, encouraging diverse and dedicated leadership to enhance CSR efforts and create lasting social impact. Future studies could explore comparative analysis between the public and private sectors or different countries, as well as sector-specific impact assessments.

L’étude comparative de la protection juridique du patient en France et en Côte d’Ivoire, fait apparaître l’existence d’une reconnaissance commune d’un droit du patient à être protégé qui se traduit par un véritable statut juridique de celui-ci en tant que tel. Si dans les deux systèmes, le patient bénéficie d’une protection juridique fondée sur sa double qualité de personne humaine et de bénéficiaire de soins, au contenu évolutif face aux progrès scientifiques et aux lois bioéthiques, le contexte socio-culturel de chaque État conduit toutefois à une similitude qui n’est pas absolue. En France, les droits toujours plus nombreux reconnus au patient font de lui un véritable acteur de sa santé tant à l’égard du consentement qu’il doit exprimer que de l’information dont il est bénéficiaire. En Côte d’Ivoire, le paternalisme médical encore latent révèle que le patient est beaucoup plus passif à l’égard du professionnel de santé et de sa prise en charge. C’est ce même contexte socio-culturel qui permet de constater que l’efficacité de la protection juridique du patient n’est pas identique en France et en Côte d’Ivoire, ce qui rend sa protection différemment perfectible. Il existe en France un système de conciliation tout à fait original entre les règles de la responsabilité médicale et celles de l’indemnisation fondées sur la solidarité nationale, tandis que la responsabilité fondée sur la faute reste la seule voie offerte au patient en droit ivoirien. En outre, l’accès aux soins notamment avec le système d’assurance maladie n’a pas atteint ici et là le même degré de maturité. Par ailleurs, la juridicisation et la judiciarisation de la protection qui se développent en France ne se retrouvent pas de façon semblable en Côte d’Ivoire où le patient est beaucoup plus frileux à actionner le système judiciaire. Entre une protection toujours plus poussée sur le territoire français et une protection encore lacunaire en Côte d’Ivoire, l’idéal se trouverait sans doute dans un juste milieu. A comparative study of the legal protection of patients in France and Ivory Coast reveals the existence of a common recognition of a patient's right to protection, which translates into a genuine legal status for patients as such. While in both systems, patients benefit from legal protection based on their dual status as human beings and recipients of care, the content of which evolves in the light of scientific progress and bioethics laws, the socio-cultural context of each country nevertheless leads to a similarity that is not absolute. In France, the ever-increasing number of rights granted to patients makes them real players in their own health, both in terms of the consent they must give and the information they receive. In Ivory Coast, the still latent medical paternalism reveals that patients are much more passive towards the health professional and his care. It is this same socio-cultural context which allows to note that the effectiveness of legal protection for patients is not identical in France and Ivory Coast, which makes his protection differently perfectible. In France, there is a highly original system of reconciliation between the rules of medical liability and those of compensation based on national solidarity, whereas liability based on fault remains the only option available to patients under Ivorian law. In addition, access to healthcare, particularly through the health insurance system, has not reached the same degree of maturity everywhere. Furthermore, the legalization and judicialization of protection that are developing in France are not found in a similar way in Ivory Coast, where patients are much more reluctant to turn to the judicial system. Between the ever-increasing protection afforded in France and the gaps in protection in Ivory Coast, the ideal situation would undoubtedly be found in a happy medium.

Aux termes de l’article 41.4 alinéa 2 du code du travail ivoirien, tout salarié ou groupe de salariés en présence d’une situation de travail dont il a un motif raisonnable de penser qu’elle représente un danger grave et imminent pour sa vie ou sa santé, ou celles d’autrui, doit, après s’en être retiré, en informer le comité de santé et de sécurité au travail. Tel est le sens de la disposition majeure qui consacre, dans cet ordre juridique, le droit de retrait du salarié. L’objectif de cette étude est de démontrer, qu’en dépit de sa nouveauté, le droit de retrait du salarié est un droit mal dimensionné. Se pose alors le problème de son caractère absolu ou non. Aux arguments qui poussent à croire à un droit de retrait absolu en droit du travail ivoirien, l’on peut objecter qu’il s’agit en réalité d’une prérogative mitigée. Under the terms of article 41.4 paragraph 2 of the Ivorian labor code, any employee or group of employees in the presence of a work situation which he has reasonable grounds to believe represents a serious and imminent danger for his life or his health, or those of others, must, after withdrawing, inform the workplace health and safety committee. This is the meaning of the major provision which establishes in this legal order the employee’s right of withdrawal. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that, despite its novelty, the employee’s right of withdrawal is a poorly dimensioned right. The problem then arises of its absolute character or not. To the arguments which lead one to believe in an absolute right of withdrawal in Ivorian labor law, one can object that it is in reality a mixed prerogative.

The collection of value-added tax from the cross-border supply of digital goods remains a challenge for tax authorities around the world. South Africa is no different. The traditional methods of collecting VAT from the supply of digital goods relies on the honesty of the consumer and on the supplier to account for and remit VAT to the tax authorities in the jurisdiction where the goods are consumed. The traditional collection models are often unreliable, inefficient, burdensome, and expensive for the consumers and the suppliers. The adoption of blockchain technology as a model to collect VAT on the cross-border supply of digital goods has the potential to alleviate the compliance burden on consumers and suppliers of digital goods, improve the efficiency of tax administration, and reduce VAT fraud. Importantly, blockchain technology can create trust between tax authorities, suppliers of digital goods, and consumers. This thesis critically discusses the advantages and disadvantages of implementing blockchain technology for the collection of VAT on the cross-border supply of digital goods in South Africa. This thesis unpacks the consideration factors for policymakers in the implementation of blockchain technology for the collection of VAT on cross-border trade in digital goods. The thesis makes recommendations for the South African VAT Act to be amended to make provision for the collection of VAT by utilising blockchain technology.

自WTO上诉机构停摆危机出现，WTO和成员一直在探索缓解僵局之法。其中利用《关于争端解决规则和程序的谅解》(DSU)第25条“速效仲裁”进行上诉替代的方案备受瞩目。2020年，欧盟、中国等WTO成员据此建立了《多方临时上诉仲裁安排》(MPIA)。事实上，DSU第25条在MPIA建立之前鲜有人注意，MPIA的建立使人们开始注意到这一条款。MPIA运行至今，取得了一些成果，但也有缺陷浮现，需要我们多加关注，及时调整。 Since the emergence of the WTO Appellate Body suspension crisis, the WTO and its members have been exploring ways to ease the deadlock. Among them, the option of using Article 25 of the Understanding on Dispute Settlement Rules and Procedures (DSU) on “quick-impact arbitration” for appellate substitution has attracted a lot of attention, and in 2020, the European Union, China and other WTO members established the Multi-party Interim Appellate Arbitration Arrangement (MPIA) on the basis of the Arrangement. As a matter of fact, little attention was paid to Article 25 of the DSU before the establishment of the MPIA, but the establishment of the MPIA has drawn people’s attention to this provision. The operation of the MPIA has achieved some results so far, but there are also shortcomings emerging, which require us to pay more attention to and make timely adjustments.

A transferência de tecnologia e a capacitação tecnológica no Brasil são temas relevantes para o debate jurídico nacional, considerando a condição brasileira como país em desenvolvimento. Nesse contexto, a exploração do objeto do direito de patente de invenção em território brasileiro, prevista no art. 68, § 1o, inc. I, da Lei no 9.279/1996, ganha importância. Ao configurar-se como um dos requisitos para o licenciamento compulsório, esse instituto contribui para o alcance das finalidades dos direitos de propriedade intelectual estabelecidas no art. 5o, inc. XXIX, da Constituição Federal de 1988, quais sejam: o interesse social e o desenvolvimento econômico e tecnológico. A partir da matriz constitucional dos Direitos de Propriedade Intelectual, é possível identificar o trígono de finalidades traçadas pelo constituinte originário para esses direitos. Ademais, tais propósitos encontram-se ainda refletidos na Ordem Social brasileira, nos arts. 218 e 219 da Constituição Federal; pois são tarefas do Estado a promoção da inovação e da autonomia tecnológica. A Lei no 9.279/1996 guia-se pelos preceitos estatuídos na Carta Magna, concedendo proteção e privilégio temporário às invenções dotadas de novidade, atividade inventiva e aplicação industrial, nos termos do seu art. 8o. Destaca-se que a exclusividade só é justificada se estiver presente o contributo mínimo. Como é possível extrair dos textos legais, o Estado retira do mercado uma parcela de liberdade de atuação dos agentes econômicos, delegando a gestão privada dos bens a um só deles, com o objetivo de atingir a inovação. Por tais motivos, a legislação prevê uma ameaça aos titulares da patente que não explorem seus direitos dentro do país. A exploração no território brasileiro torna-se uma ferramenta à disposição dos países que não são desenvolvidos para o alcance da inovação. Assim, a presente dissertação propõe-se a relacionar o mecanismo da exploração local aos fins constitucionais e legais das patentes. Por meio de pesquisa qualitativa, aplicada, exploratória e bibliográfica e utilizando os métodos dedutivo e hipotético-dedutivo, este trabalho busca construir uma interpretação sobre a tensão entre acesso de agentes econômicos às tecnologias, exploração das patentes e garantia de exclusividade. O estudo observa que a exploração local é um recurso à disposição dos países em desenvolvimento para que se alcance a inovação e o desenvolvimento econômico e tecnológico. A atuação do Estado no domínio econômico, especialmente no campo dos direitos de propriedade intelectual, foi um recurso utilizado por países atualmente desenvolvidos para alcançar o atual estágio tecnológico em que se encontram. Por tal motivo, é possível que as nações em desenvolvimento utilizem o requisito da exploração obrigatória de patentes em território nacional para difundir avanços sociais, tecnológicos e econômicos. The transfer of technology and technological training within Brazil are relevant topics for the national legal debate, considering the Brazilian condition as a developing country. In this context, the local patent working requirement in Brazilian territory, provided for in art. 68, § 1, inc. I, of Law No. 9,279/1996, gains importance. By being one of the legal requirements for compulsory licensing, this institute contributes to the achievement of the purposes of intellectual property rights established in art. 5th, Inc. XXIX, of the Federal Constitution of 1988, namely: social interest and economic and technological development. From the constitutional matrix of Intellectual Property Rights, it is possible to identify the trigon of purposes traced by the original constituent for these rights. Furthermore, such purposes are still reflected in the Brazilian Social Order, in arts. 218 and 219 of the Federal Constitution; because it is the State\'s task to promote innovation and technological autonomy. Law no 9.279/1996 is guided by the precepts established in the Magna Carta, granting protection and temporary privilege to inventions endowed with novelty, inventive step and industrial application, under the terms of its art. 8th. It should be noted that exclusivity is only justified if the minimum contribution is present. As it is possible to extract from the legal texts, the State withdraws from the market a portion of the freedom of action of economic agents, delegating the private management of assets to one of them, with the objective of achieving innovation. For these reasons, the legislation poses a threat to patent holders who do not exploit their rights within the country. Exploration in Brazilian territory becomes a tool available to countries that are not developed to reach innovation. Thus, the present dissertation proposes to relate the mechanism of local working to the constitutional and legal purposes of patents. Through qualitative, applied, exploratory and bibliographic research and using deductive and hypothetico-deductive methods, this work seeks to build an interpretation of the tension between access of economic agents to technologies, patent local working and guarantee of exclusivity. The study notes that local exploration is a resource available to developing countries to achieve innovation and economic and technological development. The States action in the economic domain, especially in the field of intellectual property rights, was a tool used by currently developed countries to reach the current technological stage in which they find themselves. For this reason, it is possible for developing nations to use the requirement of mandatory exploitation of patents in national territory to disseminate social, technological and economic advances.